<b>Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory</b> <b>and </b><b><i>improving </i></b><b><i>intestinal flora</i></b><b> of </b><b><i>Forsythia suspensa</i></b><b> leaf fermented tea extract</b>

The aim was to establish a theoretical foundation for the functional study of <i>Forsythia suspensa</i> leaf and provide specific recommendations for their growth and application. The results showed that H₂O₂ led to an increase in oxidative levels in mice, and <i>Forsythia suspensa</i> leaf fermented tea had been shown to have antioxidant effects via the Ref-1/HIF-1α pathway, reduce inflammation caused by hydrogen peroxide through the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and protect mice's colons from oxidative stress by repairing gut microbiota imbalance and increasing microbial diversity and abundance. These findings have established a theoretical basis for studying the functional properties of <i>Forsythia suspensa</i> leaf fermented tea.本研究旨在为连翘（Forsythia suspensa）叶的功能研究奠定理论基础，并为其种植培育与开发应用提供具体指导方案。研究结果表明，过氧化氢（H₂O₂）可升高小鼠体内的氧化水平；连翘叶发酵茶可通过氧化还原因子1/缺氧诱导因子-1α（Ref-1/HIF-1α）通路发挥抗氧化作用，经由Toll样受体4/核因子κB（TLR4/NF-κB）信号通路减轻过氧化氢诱导的炎症反应，并通过修复肠道菌群失衡、提升微生物多样性与丰度，保护小鼠结肠免受氧化应激损伤。上述研究结果为连翘叶发酵茶的功能特性研究奠定了理论基础。