LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI

Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most common chronic bacterial infections worldwide and is strongly associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric malignancies. Accurate laboratory diagnosis is essential for appropriate treatment, eradication monitoring, and prevention of long-term complications. This article reviews current laboratory diagnostic methods for H. pylori, including invasive and non-invasive techniques, highlighting their diagnostic accuracy, clinical applications, advantages, and limitations. An integrated diagnostic approach based on clinical context and test availability remains crucial for optimal patient management.幽门螺杆菌（Helicobacter pylori）感染是全球范围内最常见的慢性细菌感染之一，且与胃炎、消化性溃疡病及胃恶性肿瘤密切相关。精准的实验室诊断对于合理治疗、根除效果监测以及预防长期并发症至关重要。本文综述了当前用于幽门螺杆菌的实验室诊断方法，涵盖侵入性与非侵入性技术，并着重阐述了各类方法的诊断准确性、临床应用场景、优势与局限性。基于临床情境与检测可及性的整合诊断策略，仍是实现最优患者管理的关键所在。